How to tell if your menstrual cramps are normal

　　Nearly half of the women in the world have it Dysmenorrhea About one in 10 people will suffer from pain for one or two days every month, which may even affect work and other activities. Reminder from medical professionals female Readers who still have dysmenorrhea after the age of 18 often suggest that it may be caused by Gynecology Related disease cause, for example Uterus Endometriosis, adenomyosis, pelvic inflammatory disease disease, pelvic congestion syndrome, etc. Since some diseases can cause infertility, active treatment is required.

　　[Dysmenorrhea before the age of 18 is mostly physiological]

　　People of Guangdong Province Hospital Chen Jianguo, chief physician of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, said in an interview: “Dysmenorrhea is divided into two types: physiological dysmenorrhea and pathological dysmenorrhea. Generally speaking, dysmenorrhea that occurs before the age of 18 is physiological dysmenorrhea, which means that it is usually a symptom accompanying normal menstruation. If the pain is tolerable, no intervention is needed. Physiological dysmenorrhea usually occurs shortly after menarche and is mainly related to the immature reproductive system of girls. Sometimes it is also closely related to mental factors. It may also be that some cytokines such as prostaglandin E2 stimulate uterine muscle contraction during menstruation, leading to one-time uterine ischemia or intestinal spasm, causing dysmenorrhea. In addition, girls have their first menstruation, so this pain will be more obvious. As long as a detailed gynecological examination clinical If no obvious abnormality is found in the pelvic organs during the examination, this type of dysmenorrhea will not cause other adverse consequences. The pain caused by physiological dysmenorrhea is mostly intermittent cramping and cramping pain.

　　Generally speaking, physiological dysmenorrhea does not require intervention, but if a girl feels that she is rolling in pain, or the pain is so severe that she is about to faint, which affects her life, work or study, then symptomatic treatment is required. Chief physician Chen Jianguo said that girls suffering from dysmenorrhea can prevent dysmenorrhea. For example, taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs orally before menstruation can inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandin E2 and relieve dysmenorrhea symptoms. Some girls' dysmenorrhea is caused by uterine muscle contraction or intestinal spasm. In this case, 654-2 or atropine can be taken orally to inhibit excessive uterine muscle contraction or intestinal peristalsis to relieve the pain. Some girls also experience headaches and bloated head during dysmenorrhea. At this time, taking some painkillers orally can also relieve the pain.

　　[Dysmenorrhea after the age of 18 is mostly caused by diseases]

　　Chen Jianguo introduced that women who still have unrelieved dysmenorrhea after the age of 18 are mostly pathological dysmenorrhea, which may indicate reproductive system diseases such as pelvic inflammatory disease, pelvic congestion syndrome, endometriosis, and adenomyosis. He also reminded that if the pain in the lower abdomen cannot be relieved, especially if it cannot be relieved by taking painkillers, you should go to the gynecology department of the hospital for examination in time to find out the cause and treat it in time, because most of these diseases can cause infertility.

　　endometriosis

　　Endometriosis is one of the important causes of dysmenorrhea, accounting for about 60% of pathological dysmenorrhea. There is a layer of membrane in the uterine cavity called the endometrium, which changes cyclically under the influence of ovarian hormones. If pregnancy does not occur during ovulation in the same month, the endometrium will fall off and cause bleeding, and blood will flow out of the vagina as menstruation. Due to certain factors, the endometrium moves to other places outside the uterus and bleeds every month like the endometrium, which is called endometriosis. These ectopic endometrium will also be affected by ovarian hormones and cause periodic bleeding. However, this blood has no channel to drain out of the body, so it accumulates locally and forms cysts, which become larger and larger. The local inflammatory reaction can stimulate local nerve , causing pain.

　　The most typical manifestation of endometriosis is dysmenorrhea. The pain is characterized by getting more and more serious, worsening month by month, with persistent pain and tearing pain. Endometriosis is most common in patients between the ages of 25 and 49. If it is delayed for a long time and cannot be treated, 20%-66% of patients will cause infertility. Therefore, women should pay great attention to it. A common B-ultrasound examination plus a blood test for CA125 can confirm the diagnosis.

　　Adenomyosis

　　The presence of endometrium in the myometrium is called adenomyosis. Adenomyosis is related to female endocrine hormones, especially estrogen. The reproductive age of women is the period of high incidence of adenomyosis. However, the mechanism of adenomyosis is still unclear and difficult to prevent. It generally manifests as dysmenorrhea and menstrual irregularity, and most of them cause infertility. The characteristics and nature of the pain are similar to those of endometriosis, but more severe. B-ultrasound or pelvic CT examination will reveal whether the uterus is enlarged, the muscle layer is thickened, and the echo is uneven. Gynecological examination can reveal whether the uterus is uniformly enlarged, hard in texture, and may have a nodular feel on the surface. Blood is drawn to detect the CA-125 level. The CA-125 level in the blood of most patients will be significantly increased; then it can basically be diagnosed as adenomyosis.

　　There are three treatment methods for adenomyosis: First, mild patients can take contraceptives and progesterone drugs. Second, moderate and severe cases can be treated with injections and gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues, which can increase the chance of pregnancy. In adenomyosis, like endometriosis, pregnancy reduces the chance of recurrence. Third, if the first two treatments are ineffective, hysterectomy surgery may be considered if the patient has given birth.

　　chronic pelvic inflammatory disease

　　Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease is a common gynecological disease, and the pain caused by it accounts for about 30% of pathological dysmenorrhea. Chen Jianguo explained: “There may be many causes of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, usually due to incomplete treatment of acute pelvic inflammatory disease. Common factors that lead to pelvic inflammatory disease include postpartum or artificial abortion, uterine ring insertion or removal surgery, fallopian tube drainage, salpingography, endometrial polyp removal, etc. If the disinfection is not strict or there is chronic inflammation of the original reproductive system, it may cause postoperative infection. There are also patients who do not pay attention to personal hygiene after surgery, or do not follow medical instructions or have sex after surgery, which can also cause bacterial infection and cause pelvic inflammatory disease. Women who do not pay attention to hygiene during menstruation, such as using sanitary napkins or toilet paper that does not meet hygienic standards, or having sex may also induce pelvic inflammatory disease.

　　Women with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease may also experience dull pain in the lower abdomen during non-menstrual periods, but this pain will worsen during menstrual periods and is often accompanied by fever. Pelvic inflammatory disease is also an important cause of female infertility. Generally speaking, routine B-ultrasound or blood tests can diagnose it.

　　pelvic congestion syndrome

　　10% of pathological dysmenorrhea is caused by pelvic congestion syndrome. Pelvic congestion syndrome is a unique disease caused by chronic poor blood circulation in the pelvic veins, pelvic vein congestion, and congestion. Its clinical characteristics are "three pains, two more and one less", namely pelvic pain, low back pain, dyspareunia, menorrhagia, leucorrhea, and few positive signs in gynecological examination. Clinical findings indicate that the severity of the disease is positively correlated with the nature of the pain. B-ultrasound and angiography with higher resolution can be done clinically for diagnosis, and blood can also be drawn to check CA125 (ovarian epithelial antigen) for differential diagnosis. Treatment is mainly symptomatic, and severe cases can undergo surgery.

　　medical explanation

　　Severe abdominal pain that occurs during menstruation and disappears naturally after menstruation is called dysmenorrhea. Sometimes this problem disappears after having children, but many times it persists. Dysmenorrhea that occurs before the age of 18 is mostly physiological dysmenorrhea and can be ignored. If the pain is unbearable and affects life and work, symptomatic treatment is required.

　　There is a saying: The onset of dysmenorrhea develops a woman’s endurance

　　Some studies say that dysmenorrhea is not useless. The onset of dysmenorrhea is strong and sometimes weak, which makes women have a stronger ability to resist pain than men. After being trained with dysmenorrhea, women are in better health than men, and their emotional experience is more delicate and rich. In this sense, the onset of dysmenorrhea develops women's ability to endure life and their tolerance for life. It's like a gloomy day. People who come out of the gloom will naturally see sunshine in their eyes that is different from others.