What are the issues involved in the relationship between first aid and emergency health

First aid is the first step in the emergency health system to face sudden health risks. The two cover the entire link from instantaneous intervention of sudden injury/disease, risk transfer to follow-up health support. The essence is the interlocking relationship between "immediate treatment at the point" and "system guarantee at the surface". There is no question of who includes whom, and they are two links that support each other in the entire chain.

A while ago, I went to do emergency education with colleagues from the community hospital, and I happened to meet Uncle Zhang, a chess friend who saved Chen’s heart attack. He said that before, he always thought that learning first aid was just "learning a little bit about yourself". It was not until Chen went to rehab after surgery that the public health doctor in charge of the follow-up specifically mentioned it, saying that the 4 minutes of corrective action at that time were The correct AED operation + cardiopulmonary resuscitation not only saved lives, but also minimized the scope of subsequent myocardial necrosis. He even required two fewer anticoagulants after surgery than patients with the same condition. Only then did he realize that his action had actually put Lao Chen's entire subsequent health trajectory back on track.

Many people now have different views on the relationship between the two: many ordinary people and even grassroots health practitioners believe that first aid is a "temporary response before 120" and has nothing to do with subsequent emergency health matters such as chronic disease management and trauma recovery; another school of thought believes that as long as the hardware and popularity of first aid are increased, the core risks of emergency health can be avoided without spending too much energy on follow-up follow-up and coverage. Both of these views are actually a bit extreme.

Last year, I went to support the health protection of the resettlement sites affected by floods in the south, and I encountered this pitfall: At the beginning, we only prepared common supplies such as cold medicine and disinfectant according to the regular emergency health configuration. We did not specially prepare portable first aid kits, nor did we provide basic emergency care for the volunteers at the resettlement sites. During the rescue training, an aunt accidentally got an electric shock while cleaning up the damaged household appliances. The volunteer was so panicked that she could only call 120. By the time we rushed over from the township health center 3 kilometers away, we had already been delayed for almost 12 minutes. The aunt's motor nerves were damaged, and she still has difficulty raising her arms. Later, when we reviewed the situation, we said that if first aid training, supplies, and emergency health settlement support had been implemented simultaneously, this problem could have been completely avoided.

There is another related point that is easily overlooked, which is the connection between health intervention after first aid. I once met a high school student who died suddenly while running 800 meters and was rescued by the school doctor. After the school doctor rescued him, his family only focused on the physical indicators such as cardiac color ultrasound and cardiac enzymes for review. They did not notice that he became panicked and broke out in cold sweats as soon as he took to the track. If the school's emergency health follow-up team had not followed up and carried out psychological intervention for nearly three months, he might have been left with severe exercise anxiety and could not even participate in normal sports activities.

Speaking of which, there are different opinions on the weight distribution between the two in the public health field: some experts advocate that first aid penetration rate and AED deployment density should be directly included in the hard indicators of local emergency health assessment, and the weight should be as high as the public health emergency reserve; some scholars think that it is not enough Developed areas already have limited public health resources. It is more pragmatic to first provide first-aid protection in key places such as schools and subway stations, and then gradually spread it to the entire population. Both statements are supported by actual research data. There is currently no conclusion, and it still needs to be adjusted based on the actual situation of each place.

In fact, to put it bluntly, the relationship between first aid and emergency health is a bit like the fast charger of your mobile phone and the entire charging system: first aid is the fast charger that can quickly restore blood when plugged in, and can immediately bring back the "life battery" that has dropped too quickly. However, if the subsequent circuit adaptation and subsequent battery maintenance do not keep up, problems will still occur. No one can do without the other.