What's going on with dysmenorrhea, nausea and vomiting?

Dysmenorrhea, nausea and vomiting may be related to hormone level fluctuations, excessive secretion of prostaglandins, gastrointestinal disorders, endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease and other factors. They can be relieved by applying hot compresses to the abdomen, taking painkillers, adjusting diet, psychological counseling, surgical treatment and other methods.

1. Fluctuations in hormone levels

Decreased levels of estrogen and progesterone during menstruation may stimulate uterine smooth muscle contraction and cause dysmenorrhea. When accompanied by nausea and vomiting, it may be related to hormone fluctuations affecting gastrointestinal motility. It is recommended to avoid raw and cold food, use a hot water bottle to apply heat to the lower abdomen, and follow the doctor's advice to use ibuprofen sustained-release capsules, Yuanhu pain-relieving tablets and other drugs to relieve symptoms if necessary.

2. Excessive secretion of prostaglandins

Excess prostaglandins are released when the endometrium is shed, which can aggravate the spasmodic contractions of the uterus, and painful stimulation may cause nausea through nerve reflexes. This type of dysmenorrhea is mostly primary. You can use prostaglandin inhibitors such as diclofenac sodium suppositories and naproxen tablets as directed by your doctor, and supplement uterine-warming foods such as brown sugar ginger tea.

3. Gastrointestinal dysfunction

The gastrointestinal mucosa is more sensitive to stimulation during menstruation, and functional dyspepsia may occur. When accompanied by abdominal distension and acid reflux, you can eat small amounts more frequently, choose easy-to-digest porridge and noodles, and avoid greasy foods. When symptoms are severe, organic diseases such as gastritis need to be ruled out, and aluminum magnesium carbonate chewable tablets should be used to protect the gastric mucosa if necessary.

4. Endometriosis

Ectopic endometrium may invade the rectal or pelvic nerves, causing severe menstrual cramps that radiate to the waist. Stimulation of the lesions may also directly trigger vomiting. The diagnosis requires ultrasound or laparoscopy. Treatment options include dienogest tablets, goserelin sustained-release implants and other drugs, or lesion resection.

5. Pelvic inflammatory disease

Patients with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease may experience aggravation of inflammation during menstruation, manifesting as lower abdominal pain accompanied by fever and nausea. Gynecological examination showed tenderness in the appendage area, and blood routine showed elevated white blood cells. Antibiotics such as cefixime dispersible tablets and metronidazole tablets need to be used in a standardized manner, together with infrared physiotherapy to promote the absorption of inflammation.

Daily attention should be paid to keeping warm during menstruation, avoiding strenuous exercise and overexertion, and keeping the vulva clean. The diet should be light and warm, and blood-activating drinks such as rose tea, longan and red date soup can be consumed in moderation. Record changes in menstrual cycles and symptoms. If dysmenorrhea continues to worsen or non-menstrual pain occurs, a gynecological ultrasound examination is required to rule out organic diseases in a timely manner. Those who are under great psychological pressure can try relaxation training such as meditation and abdominal breathing.