Uterine fibroids under B-ultrasound

Uterine fibroids under B-ultrasound are usually benign uterine leiomyomas, which may appear as single or multiple nodules. Most are asymptomatic, and a few can cause menstrual abnormalities or compression symptoms. Uterine fibroids may be related to hormone levels, genetic factors, stem cell mutations and other factors, and are usually diagnosed through ultrasound.

1. Hormone influence

Elevated levels of estrogen and progesterone may stimulate uterine fibroid growth. The incidence is higher in women of childbearing age, fibroids may increase in size during pregnancy, and fibroids usually shrink after menopause. If this type of fibroid is asymptomatic, it can be observed regularly. If it is accompanied by menorrhagia or anemia, you can use mifepristone tablets, leuprolide injection and other drugs to suppress hormone secretion as directed by your doctor, or consider uterine myomectomy.

2. Genetic factors

People with a family history of uterine fibroids have a higher incidence rate, which may be related to gene mutations such as MED12 and HMGA2. It is recommended that such patients undergo gynecological ultrasound screening every year. If the diameter of the fibroids exceeds 5 cm or grows too fast, they need to be alert to the possibility of malignant transformation and can be removed through laparoscopy or laparotomy.

3. Stem cell mutations

Abnormal differentiation of myometrial stem cells may form fibroid nodules. Under B-ultrasound, a hypoechoic mass with clear boundaries can be seen, and the blood flow signal is distributed in a peripheral ring. Asymptomatic small fibroids can be followed up for observation. If they cause compression symptoms such as frequent urination and constipation, focused ultrasound ablation or uterine artery embolization can be selected.

4. Local growth factors

Insulin-like growth factors, epidermal growth factors, etc. may promote the proliferation of fibroid cells. This type of fibroids often presents with symptoms such as prolonged menstruation and dysmenorrhea. They can be treated with Chinese patent medicines such as Guizhi Fuling Capsules and Sanjie Analgesic Capsules as directed by the doctor, or hysteroscopic fibroid resection can be used.

5. Environmental factors

Long-term exposure to environmental estrogens such as plasticizers may increase the risk. During B-ultrasound examination, the location of fibroids (submucosal, intramural or subserosal) needs to be clarified. Submucosal fibroids can easily lead to infertility. Women who are planning to become pregnant may consider hysteroscopic resection and wait 3-6 months before becoming pregnant again.

After uterine fibroids are discovered, ultrasound should be reviewed every 6-12 months to record the size of the fibroids and changes in blood flow. Avoid high-estrogen foods such as royal jelly on a daily basis, and supplement with appropriate amounts of vitamin D. If you experience a sudden increase in menstrual flow, severe anemia or acute lower abdominal pain, you need to seek medical attention immediately and be alert to fibroid degeneration or pedicle torsion. If you are over 40 years old and have no desire to have children, if you have multiple fibroids and severe symptoms, you can discuss the possibility of total hysterectomy with your doctor.